A curated collection of TCS Senior QA interview questions covering Manual Testing, Automation Testing, Selenium, Java, API Testing, and Framework Design to help experienced QA professionals prepare with confidence.
# Manual Testing
1. Have you worked in an Agile methodology? Explain your experience.
2. What key points do you consider while writing effective test cases?
3. Explain the Bug (Defect) Life Cycle.
4. What is the difference between a Test Scenario and a Test Case?
5. Differentiate Functional Testing and Non-Functional Testing.
6. Explain the difference between Smoke Testing and Sanity Testing.
7. What is STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle)?
8. Differentiate Alpha Testing and Beta Testing.
9. How many test cases have you automated in a single sprint?
10. How do you decide which test cases should be automated?
11. Which test cases should not be automated? Is achieving 100% automation possible?
12. What important factors should be considered while logging a defect?
13. Where do you maintain your test cases—Excel or a Test Management Tool?
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Automation Testing
1. Explain the difference between Implicit Wait and Explicit Wait.
2. Write an XPath for a given web element during a live coding session.
3. Explain the use of the **Actions** class and the **Select** class in Selenium.
4. Describe your roles and responsibilities in your current project.
5. What Selenium exceptions have you encountered? Explain at least five with examples.
6. Explain OOP concepts such as Inheritance, Abstraction, Polymorphism, and Encapsulation.
7. What is the difference between `findElement()` and `findElements()`?
8. How do you handle alerts in Selenium?
9. Write Selenium code to capture a screenshot.
10. What is the purpose of **Priority** in TestNG?
11. Which reporting tools are used in your automation framework?
12. Differentiate Scenario and Scenario Outline in Cucumber BDD.
13. Explain the automation framework you have worked on.
14. What are Tags in Cucumber, and how are they used?
15. How do you manage test data in your automation framework?
16. Differentiate an Abstract Class and an Interface.
17. Write a Java program to reverse a string and perform array manipulation.
18. Explain the differences between HashMap and HashSet.
19. Differentiate an Array and an ArrayList.
20. What is the Java Collection Framework?
21. Why is the String class immutable in Java?
22. Explain the difference between Collections and Collection.
23. Differentiate StringBuffer and StringBuilder.
24. Explain common API status codes such as **200, 201, 400, and 401**.
25. What is the difference between **PUT** and **PATCH** requests?
